The algebraic expressions which predict cell membrane potentials are not difficult to comprehend, but the calculations they require can be quite time consuming. Often, they interfere with a student's ability to understand basic relationships.

This thoughtfully designed computer simulation pprovides the tools to help your students grasp the principles of the Goldman and Nernst Equations - equations with wide applications in physiology and bioelectricity, especially as they relate to the physiology of nerve and muscle.

Students can change a number of variables in the equations with just a few keystrokes - then view the results in a number of ways. Instead of getting bogged down in tedious calculations, they are able to focus on the results of their changes! Exploring the possibilities is as easy as entering a new set of variables.

The program communicates information numerically or graphically. Students easily manipulate ion concentrations and permeabilities, then see the results on several different screens: Goldman Calculation Screen, Ion Status Screen, Graphing Screen, and a Concentration Display Screen.

Carl Thurman, University of Northern Iowa in Advances in Physiology Education
"My students have used this program with immense satisfaction to estimate Vm by the GHK equation."
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